Amalgam restorations and future perspectives longdom. Subjects received a total of 1,748 restorations at baseline, which. The procedure for the removal of the carious lesion is the same as that of a class i. A dental restoration or dental filling is a treatment to restore the function, integrity, and morphology of missing tooth structure resulting from caries or external trauma as well as to the replacement of such structure supported by dental implants. An evaluation of the fracture resistance of class 2 amalgam restorations with different cavity designs on maxillary premolars kundoor shashank, dayanand gopalrao chole, banthu ranga department of conservative and endodontics, pdu dental college, kegaon, solapur, maharashtra, india. Amalgam restoration an overview sciencedirect topics.
The strength of an amalgam restoration must be high enough to. Produce a 90degree amalgam angle butt joint form at the margin 3. Amalgam must be mixed according to the manufacturers instructions. The dimensions of the everyday class ii cavity preparations for. Management of class i and class ii amalgam restorations with localized defects. Conservative preparation designs for class ii amalgam restorations. Failures of amalgam restorations fracture of the isthmus of a class ii due to insufficient bulk of amalgam marginal failure in proximal box area due to excessive flare of the cavosurface margin recurrent caries failure to extend preparation adequately 17. Bss ii pdf created with pdffactory pro trial version 2 dental amalgam pdf created with pdffactory pro trial version 3 introduction dental amalgam is the most widely used restorative material. Tooth preparation for amalgam removal of amalgam fillings.
Class ii preparation and amalgam restoration rcdp youtube. Just click on the link below to download bds lecture notes on amalgam restoration in pdf. Amalgam cavity preparation class 1 free download as powerpoint presentation. For example, selection and use of the appropriate matrix system. Class i and class ii silver amalgam and resin composite. The patient should bite down carefully and gently so as to not fracture the new restoration. Replacement reasons and service time of classii amalgam. In the student clinic, resin composite is used in approximately 58 percent of class ii restorations placed, and dental amalgam is used in the remaining 42 percent. Class 2 cavity preparations and restoration performance. The advantages of amalgam restorations include resistance to wear, tolerance to a wide range of clinical placement conditions, and excellent loadbearing properties.
The most common reasons for replacing amalgam restorations are secondary caries and tooth restoration fractures 70%. Amalgam cavity preparation class 1 tooth enamel dentin. Amalgam is used for the restoration of many carious or fractured posterior teeth and in the replacement of failed restorations. Survival and reasons for failure of amalgam versus. Mechanical basis for the preparation of class ii cavities for amalgam fillings in deciduous molars. The patient has been anesthetized with one carpule of 2% xylocaine with 1.
Amalgam, composite, plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth. Survival rates of art and composite restoration were observed to be 94. Contact area carious lesion proximal view vertical section buccal view. This study evaluates whether improvements in the physical properties of dental amalgam affect the use of class ii preparations without an occlusal dovetail. Then place a radiopaque cavity liner cosmedents renamel demark on the tooth so that you can easily identify your composite on an xray. The fracture and secondary caries are widespread, and linked to the restoration of the amalgam, and identified with amalgam rebuilding efforts, and are the principle behind the substitution of deficient amalgam. Predictable restoration of class 2 preparations with. A, class i amalgam in the occlusal surface of the first molar.
The proposed restoration will be wide, replace a functional cusp or extend onto the anatomic root. The occlusal contacts are located predominately on surfaces that will be occupied by the restoration, with little or no contact on tooth structure. Introduction amalgam although a brittle material, has been. Amalgam matrix for class ii and class v preparations. The first step is the development of the ideal cavity preparation. Place articulating paper between the maxillary and mandibular teeth to check the occlusion. Amalgam restoration definition of amalgam restoration by.
The above amalgam replacement illustrates a standard class ii posterior composite restoration. Class i, ii, and vi amalgam restorations pocket dentistry. Contact area carious lesion proximal view vertical section. Case 2 a female patient presented with a complaint of a lost filling. Condensation of the amalgam restoration principle objectives during amalgam. Findings from the national dental practicebased research network. Class ii restorations restore defects that affect one or both of the proximal surfaces of posterior teeth. An evaluation of the fracture resistance of class 2. Additionally, in the case of class i restorations, the walls. Class ii amalgam restoration instructions by dr ywom duration.
Introduction amalgam although a brittle material, has been adequately serving as a restorative material since 175 years, understanding of its properties and judgment of the preparation design are the vital factors controlling its use. Hi guys, i am sharing bds lecture notes on amalgam restoration in pdf format. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work noncommercially. Management of class i and class ii amalgam restorations with. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Thus, the greatest impact on the patients and national dental services expenditures would be to increase the clinical service time of this amalgam restoration type. The first step in this technique is to remove the old amalgam from the tooth. Effect of class ii amalgam and composite restora tions on. Condensation should be completed within five minutes of placing the class v amalgam restoration so that the proximal box and class v amalgam restoration bond. An intraoral exam revealed a lost distoocclusal amalgam restoration on tooth no. Amalgam is a restorative material especially suitable for classes i and ii restorations in teeth that encounter heavy chewing forces. As composite placement is techniquesensitive and requires a number of exacting steps, different products may be used to drive successful outcomes. Restorative dentistry class ii total practice solution.
Polishing amalgam restorations a selfstudy module developed by carlene paarmann, rdh, med. Management of class i and class ii amalgam restorations. Survival and reasons for failure of amalgam versus composite posterior restorations. Fracture of the isthmus of a class ii amalgam restoration is a common problem that may result from the restoration being left high in occlusion or from insufficient bulk of amalgam in the isthmus, because the preparation is too shallow. The final restoration was finished with fluted composite burs and polished with enhance and pogo dentsply caulk figures 12 to 14. Following the restoration, the teeth were divided into three groups according to magnetic resonance imaging mri. Amalgam matrix for class ii and class v preparations connected at the proximal box. The primary function of the matrix is to restore anatomic proximal contours and contact areas. Nuha alkanhal gadeer alotaibi haya alsuairy nouf alfawaz 2 rds. Pdf cavity designs for class ii amalgam restorations. Class ii silver amalgam preparations will vary with the morphology, anatomy and extent of carious involvement of the individual tooth being. The advantages of amalgam restorations include resistance to wear, tolerance to a wide range of clinical placement conditions, and. Early failure of class ii resin composite versus class ii. Art with high viscosity gic and composite restorations in.
Evidencebased guidelines for planning and placing direct. Tooth preparation for class ii amalgam restorations and its modifications 2. They are of two broad typesdirect and indirectand are further classified by location and size. Class ii preparation and amalgam restoration rcdp nora omeir. Class ii amalgam restorations finishing and polishing of amalgam dr. Improve class ii outcomes at every stage depending on your practice, there are many ways to approach improving your class ii procedures. Replacement reasons and service time of classii amalgam restorations in relation to cavity design. However, an amalgam or resin restoration could be utilized in a tooth having conservative pulpal access, sound lateral walls, and less than 2 years to exfoliation. Amalgam restoration bds lecture notes pdf download. The replacement of a restoration that is defective beyond repair or associated with a recurrent caries lesion.
The universal tofflemire matrix system is used in class ii restorations. Class i and class ii silver amalgam and resin composite posterior restorations. The occlusal contacts are located predominately on surfaces that will be occupied by the restoration, with little or. Conversely, dental amalgam is recommended in class ii applications where. The patient has been anesthetized with one carpule of 2 % xylocaine with 1. Of the two types of aforementioned cavities class ii was found to be the most commonly failed restoration, which accounts for 66. The rate of wear increases as the preparation width at the isthmus increases beyond one third of the intercusp distance. A 24month evaluation of amalgam and resinbased composite restorations. Pdf a classification system for variations in cavity design and finish has been developed for application on models of teeth with class ii. An amalgam restoration that will contribute to the lingterm dental health of a.
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